Confirmations of the existence of dark matter, dark energy and the accelerating universe have altered the tenor of physical cosmology. Expanding matrix theory has since 1984 predicted an accelerating universe more or less as it appears with some remarkable parallel correlations related to the more recently discovered values for dark matter and dark energy, see; WMAP

Gravitational Waves

Gravitational waves have garnered much attention recently, being headlined as “ripples in the fabric of spacetime”. The significance of this is the confirmation that spacetime itself is a physically ductile field property of reality. If one accepts this as fact, and applies a bit more rational thought to the matter, they should draw the conclusion that visual perspective must be a manifestation of some aspect of this same “spacetime”. But how…?

Go directly to core proofs for the theory, by reading the pages: “Spatial Perspective and the Arrow of Time”, and; “Visual Perspective and the Curving of Straight Lines”.

History

Key elements of expanding matrix theory were originally conceived under the heading of “dynamic asymmetry”. Both names could be applicable as a descriptive title but I settled on “expanding matrix theory” because it brings the reader to a quicker realization of what the theory is about. In fact as the reader might discern from the term “expanding matrix”, the concept of an accelerating universe is a natural progression of the intrinsic logic upon which the model is based.

Right from the start, when I saw the possibility of visual perspective being valid if reality is actually embedded in an expanding matrix, I received a variety of opinions. The majority of physicists didn’t want to express an opinion. Most that did didn’t think it could be correct. A very well known physicist John Wheeler found it very interesting. The physicist who was at that time in charge of setting up the experiments on the cyclotron at TRIUMF, Nigel Stevenson saw the logic immediately and said that the part on gravity made far more sense than quantum gravity. One famous science journalist was very rude and wrote that I not bother him with such nonsense (some of this, I’ve had to paraphrase because most of my belongings, including documents and letters were sold or destroyed in Canada while I lived 17 years in Mexico). Now that many of the things predicted by the theory are being confirmed, no one is replying to my emails. I don’t know what that means. Cultures have changed with introduction of the Internet.

Empty Space…as part of Reality

To the layman, the thought that “empty space” should need to be accounted for as a part of reality may seem like nonsense but all of the leading physicists, including Einstein have seen this as a pre-requisite from an early date because without it, a viable model of reality cannot be realized. I believe the fact that all problems in reconciling quantum theory with relativity coalesce in “mass and gravity” means that gravity and the understanding of spacetime must be modified to complete the picture.

Emergence

Emergence is a philosophical precept that has been around for some time, often under different names. It is now however, gaining ground among many scientists as a basis for critical thought regarding the origin of the physical world. In some of its most extreme variations, it questions the idea of forces as being absolutes. Emergence develops the suggestion that the universe is always emerging via some unknown connection between all its constituents. That is to say; “happening”, as a prerequisite of its fundamental nature, origin and the ongoing existence of all components.

Emergence and Change

Expanding matrix theory could be classified as an emergent theory, with an integral component of ongoing change that is not as strongly evident in conventional descriptions. This additional component is based in the simple axiom; that the universe at one time did not exist…but now it does…so some innate quality is causing such! A summation of this conclusion would be to say ”Everything has come into existence…so coming into existence is probably the cosmic prime directive”.

An Expanding Matrix Exemplifies the Concept of Emergence

I have recently come to appreciate that this version of emergence may perhaps be the most compelling characteristic of expanding matrix theory, in that the theory already embodies that concept without having to splice it in or integrate it as an afterthought or an ingredient in a recipe. One might concur that the very notion of our universe as an expanding matrix exemplifies the concept of emergence. A study of Visual Perspective within the context of expanding matrix theory (EMT) is a good basis for cultivating such appreciation.

A fundamental hypothesis for the origins of the expanding matrix can be found under the heading: Space(s) and Time in EMT. As you delve deeper into the theory, you may come to appreciate how the quantum world and reality emerge from such a single over-arching quality of the macro-system.

As mentioned, the essence of the theory states that; if “everything in the universe has come into existence”, then “coming into existence” must represent some fundamental dynamic truth about the origin of everything and that there would be no reason to assume that such a quality should have ceased to exist. Without such, both you and I existing in this universe would make little sense. This principal is always operating in the background and is readily discernible via Visual Perspective.

Expanding Matrix Theory Began as a Theory About Space

How does an artist end up creating a physics theory about empty space? It was not a deliberate pursuit on my part. As a young artist, I discerned that I was a more natural sculptor than a painter. However, I found the phenomenon of visual perspective intriguing. The distortions that space imposes on any object immersed in it were always an amazing mystery to me and I found myself drawn towards painting and two-dimensional interpretations of three-dimensional space because of that. I had little inkling about the cause but a series of articles regarding Einstein’s theory of relativity put me on the track to thinking of space as a dynamic energy field. He described space-time as the gravitational field. This struck a note with me, as by this time I’d become convinced that some dynamic element was at work to cause visual perspective. One of these same articles mentioned Einstein’s belief that all physics could be reduced down to a single unified theory. Painting pictures day after day, year after year, kept these issues front and foremost in my mind as I tried to create boundaries of logic around the questions created regarding empty space. Conclusions often led to dead-ends, or just “hung in the air”. Some however, turned out later to have merit when I revisited them after developing the fundamentals of expanding matrix theory. I have never considered myself to be much of a mathematician but the little math which I have felt obligated to apply has proven flawless in supporting the theory. I now feel fairly confident that I understand the mysteries of what both space and visual perspective are and that such provide basis for how the rest of physical reality emerges.

Artists, Physicists, Space and Reality

As the reader will now have discerned, a large part of this treatise is about empty space itself. Most people find the idea of conducting a study of empty space redundant. Apart from mystics and madmen, the only people who profess any interest in it are physicists and artists. Physicists are interested in space because that is where the forces that  govern reality, are assumed to propagate. According to Albert Einstein’s theory of general relativity, an entity embodying both space and time exists for us as the gravitational field (see: Einstein’s Theory). Therefore, acknowledging the physical nature of space is integral to the understanding of physics.

Visual artists (sculptors, painters and draftsmen) on the other hand have their own reasons for studying space. These usually have nothing to do with the reasons physicists are so preoccupied. Painters (draftsmen, graphic artists included) and sculptors have an interest in the apparent form of objects as they appear to exist in space. Their interest is usually filtered through the human senses within the context of aesthetics. The sculptor’s interest is tactile, while often using the space around their creations to amplify effects, whereas the painter and draftsman is primarily interested first, in how three-dimensional space can be interpreted in two dimensions and second, how to embed this interpretation in the most pleasing way onto a two dimensional surface.

Coming to Understand the Need for a Dynamic Space

I encourage the reader to to give their most careful consideration to the pages entitled: “Spatial Perspective and the Arrow of Time” and “Visual Perspective and the Curving of Straight Lines”. These areas will help the reader to appreciate the ambiguities of what he or she has probably observed their whole life without giving it more than cursory thought. I am tasked with first showing the reader that issues do exist, then with explaining their solution. This transition has always been troublesome to explain, because the pivotal elements for the entire theory are embodied within this scope, requiring persistence to grasp what is being explained and retain idea that those mysterious “perspective curvatures” can only exist, because we exist in an expanding matrix and that once perspective is applied as a  function of expansion in time, the curvatures AND visual perspective become fathomable.

The Higgs Bosun and Other issues

Scientists at CERN have found what they believe to be the Higgs Bosun, confirmation though is pending. The Higgs Bosun is an important element of the Quantum view of physics. However, within EMT, it appears superfluous. I have though, learned not to underestimate modern physics. In thinking about it, I wonder if it could resolve a problem I’ve had with what divides volume, surface and space. After all surface is a necessary membrane to divide volume from space, which could have a part in producing mass. So we’ll see where this discovery takes us.

Writing about Reality Vs Actuality

An area of difficulty in preparing this work, has been to extract ambiguities from the text. Much of this problem has centered around two terminologies that need to be used extensively; reality and actuality. These are commonly viewed as synonyms, however in this treatise, they have parallel but different meanings to the point that some elements found within the envelope of each category may appear at times as antonyms.

Expanding matrix theory requires the dismantling of reality, then its reconstruction in order to reveal how and why it appears the way it does. This peek behind the surface manifestation of reality is referred to here as the actuality. “Reality” is what the audience (us) sees, the “actuality” is what the stagehands see. From the point of view of EMT, visual reality is an illusion delivered to us by light…but I’m quick to point out that it’s a real illusion. That is to say, all forces and observations function as they should according to the fact that we also are a real part of that same reality. I say it this way not because I have doubts that we really exist (I don’t believe we are illusions), but because our existence hinges upon the transformations of dynamic energy within a wave front we know as time. The gist is that we, along with everything else in the universe fluctuate…then re-exist with every micro-oscillation of the matrix-field. The passing of the moment is evidence that this wave front is moving forward (and always will).

Total energy is so immense and moving so fast, it is difficult to fathom the degree of order it maintains. What is perhaps even more amazing is the formation of what appears to be solid matter and space within this matrix (the matter is truly solid and the space really seems to be there). It is the momentum-like nature of energy that space acts like a separator of things or bodies in the cosmos. The dichotomy of EMT is that while it seems at first glance to advocate a wild, unrestrained explosion of energy that portends a precarious existence for our universe, once one understands it, a constant, enduring cosmos emerges that is far more stable than what is perceived within any other prevailing or traditional theory.

Another unique quality of expanding matrix theory is that it produces an unequivocal arrow of time. This has been a much-debated topic for decades in both physical cosmology and quantum theory. Expanding matrix theory (EMT) produces a clean, concise identity for the arrow that infers non-reversibility. It’s this same quality that makes it move both outwards as expansion, as well as inwards in the form of a dampening, back-pressure that has significance regarding the question of entropy.

At the level of physical cosmology, the laws of gravity appear naturally as do the manifestations of dark energy and dark matter. Dark matter and dark energy do not appear as mysterious elements in the theory but as a natural gradient of reality. See; WMAP

Creating this Review Area

Another challenge in creating this site has been in deciding which information to highlight first and the order in which to present it. The ideal would be to have two separate areas, one for academics and one for the general public, however because it represents such a new and esoteric approach to the subject, I came to realize that many academics would avoid it by personal choice or simply because of those time constraints that confine people to their daily routine. And…in order to bridge EMT to each of these narrowly specialized areas, I would have to be competent in all disciplines of physics, which I am not. I’ve also come to realize that physics is not as homogeneous a system of beliefs as I had one time assumed but is dominated by a broad range of opinion and philosophies. This made the decision easy for me. It helped me appreciate that my grasp of expanding matrix theory is unique and that I should present it for what it is.

About the Material Presented Here

Most of what is presented here are re-edits (improvements) of papers written since 1984, often under different titles. One of the really powerful functions that the Internet presents as an information tool is the facility of re-editing. Because I am an artist learning the language of physics, I am retaining the option to re-edit the pages and articles herein for the purposes of accuracy and clarity. Towards this end, I encourage all to express any difficulties in comprehension with specific parts or expressions used. If you think I have misrepresented any external information, please present your corrections.

Surface; The Origin of Our Reality

The area of greatest complexity starts at what we perceive as surface reality and proceeds inwards to the quantum system and outwards into physical cosmology. Surface-reality is the epicenter of our sense of being and our world emanates outwards from there. We as physical, sentient beings tend to prefer keeping our reality at arm’s length. When something touches our eyeball, we get squeamish. (As the reader begins to perceive what this means within the context of the theory, he will be over the hump in understanding a critical part).

There is a new area of interest related to surface that is called the holographic universe, which focuses on the significance of surface to reality. It will be interesting to see how this area develops.

Gravity

A large part of the premise of EMT looks at the physical and geometric origin of gravity. A model has emerged that is different from existing theories and because gravity has caused the most difficulty in unifying quantum theory with relativity, EMT gravity is reviewed under the chapter entitled “Gravity Simulation” and will be considered in more depth in future articles (see: Gravity). Because the theory requires a shift in the conventional view of what gravitation is, a practical example of how we might look at our own Earth – Moon – Sun orbital geometry is given a purview in “Hidden Orbital Configurations”.

Future of Expanding Matrix Theory

One thing that seems to catch professional physicists by surprise is the mathematical accuracy the theory has in accounting for visual perspective. Among those academics, of whom I’ve had the opportunity to thoroughly explain the internal logic leading up to the stated conclusions, all have agreed that the logic is sound. Reasons for not supporting the theory have fallen into two categories. First, that it is not their area of expertise, which of course it won’t be because it is a new theory with few roots in any current theories. Second, because there is a scarcity of math to bridge it with current theories. This is true with notable exceptions of those parts relating to visual (spatial) perspective and the WMAP data. Third, is that the nature of the study requires crossing over into a quasi-metaphysical realm. This should not represent a problem for any serious physicist these days, when new and perplexing discoveries are forcing even the most reserved scientists to venture into new realms of thought that reveal the strangeness of the existence of a physical world. As the reader will discern though, I have not ventured into any area that does not have a solid basis in pure logic. However, there is one region of thought in the treatise where  two avenues of logic both work and I find myself forced to choose one of them, even though they seem at odds with one another. They turn out to be mirror images and I find myself vacillating as to which image is true. I won’t elaborate now, because I can perceive future volumes being written on this quandary.

Prior to 2000, I often had extreme reactions, although I had expected far worse because at first look, EMT’s claims seem outlandish, mainly because any physicist would to have needed to un-moor himself from our perceived reality and embraced pure logic. The more I embraced pure logic, the more I discover that EMT’s view actually solves some problems and satisfies some natural mysteries. One well-known science reporter became very angry at the results and even reprimanded me for even expressing the opinion. Since 2010 with new cosmological discoveries, many of EMT’S results are being adopted by many mainstream physicists. Everyone so far however, is carefully staying away from the central theme of EMT.

So far attempts to move EMT towards mainstream physics have been disappointing but that is to be expected. With the exception of relativity, few major changes in thought have ever transitioned to general acceptance quickly. Few people are aware of any transformation space as herein described. Apart from the obvious controversial elements of the theory, the fact that it flies in the face of a popular view that time does not truly exist (to the inclusion of space), means EMT may have some acceptance problems. There are however, some positive developments in this area, in that some theorists are now calling into question the exclusion of time as a quality of physical reality.

I am confident though that once some of the early hurdles are overcome, the point of view will emerge as to why the concept of an expanding matrix wasn’t embraced earlier. Trying to exercise patience, I have since 1984 been submitting papers on different elements of the theory for the purpose of documenting authorship.

What Else to Do?

I suspect however, that an army of theorists working on quantum theory over the past century has already created what most needs to be done in the language of quantum theory. It will be left, to bridge it with EMT.

Need for a Glossary

New avenues of thought alter the meanings of existing words and hence necessitate caveats to these meanings, or the production of new expressions in order to promote comprehension. Terminologies particularly difficult to pin down are those where conventional word-meanings must be changed to fit the new paradigm. Although I hope most terms are self-explanatory within their respective contexts, it seems sensible that a glossary of standard and newly coined terminologies should eventually be created.

Thank you.

The Author

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